"Jean Tagault was an important surgeon and academician in Paris during the first half of the sixteenth century. Nevertheless only very little is known about his person. This article discusses his biography, his academic career, and his family. The history of his dispute with Michael Servetus and Jean Thibault is sketched. The significance of his frequent mentions in the Chirurgia magna, once attributed to Vesalius, is analysed. His presumed plagiary of Vesalius’ Tabulae anatomicae sex (1538) is discussed too. An overview of the different editions of the works by Jean Tagault is included."